►MEDICOS

  PDR 2013  

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en el telefono 66-22-82-13-61 para 
darte muestras de productos de Immunotec. 

 Physicians 'Desk Reference ha sido la fuente de Autoridad sobre los medicamentos con receta durante 67 años. Se encuentra en la oficina de casi todos los médicos, farmacias, clínicas, y bibliotecas de Estados Unidos y no hay referencia médica más actual, más reconocida, o mas respetada. Immunocal ha sido incluido en el PDR  ininterrumpidamente desde el año 2001. 

 Recognized by researchers and medical professionals around the world, Immunotec continues to set the standards for effective products. Immunocal is the only nutritional supplement (non-drug product) listed in the Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) and Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties (CPS), and the only whey protein isolate which is licensed for sale by Health Canada and authorized to claim that it is effective in “maintaining a strong immune system”

 Immunotec’s proprietary manufacturing process preserves the critical disulfide bonds in the glutathione precursor cysteine. By delivering this delicate protein to the cell, it enables the body to create glutathione and maximize immune system levels. Other whey proteins are often manufactured using extreme heat and harsh methods of mixing, resulting in a denatured and ineffective product.

 Glutathione is produced by the body in the cell when the necessary precursors are provided. Immunocal delivers cysteine to the cell so that it can produce glutathione. Pills pass through the digestive system and little, if any, glutathione is absorbed.

 Immunocal is listed also in The Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties: The Canadian Drug Reference for Health Professionals, more commonly known by its abbreviation CPS, is a reference book that contains drug monographs and numerous features which help healthcare professionals prescribe and use drugs safely and appropriately. And listed also in the Pharmacist’s Red Book.

  And is eligible for coverage under Medicare/Medicaid in the U.S. In Canada.

Placebo-controlled clinical studies to prove the health benefits of Immunocal

The gold standard for clinical evidence for efficacy is a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Immunotec’s present research activities therefore focus on controlled clinical trials in cooperation with various clinical partners in Montreal and other clinical centers in Canada and the U.S.A. The recently published study on the effects of a research formulation of Immunocal on lung cancer patients (Tozer et al. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 10:2, 395-402, 2008) is an example. This trial has shown quite impressive results with regard to the health benefits of this Immunocal formulation in the nutrition of seriously ill advanced lung cancer patients. Other clinical studies showing the efficacy of Immunocal have been performed and published by several clinical centers.

 IMMUNOCAL ® es una proteína alimenticia EE.UU. patentada aislada natural en la categoría de la FDA GRAS (generalmente reconocido como seguro), que ayuda al cuerpo a mantener concentraciones óptimas de glutatión (GSH) mediante el suministro de los precursores requeridos para la síntesis intracelular de glutatión. Está clínicamente probado para elevar los valores de Glutatión.

 PDR, Product Labeling: 

IMMUNOCAL- NUTRACEUTICAL GLUTATHIONE PRECURSOR (BONDED CYSTEINE SUPPLEMENT) POWDER SACHETS. 

Immunotec Inc. IMMUNOCAL®

Nutraceutical
Glutathione precursor (Bonded cysteine™ supplement)
Powder Sachets

   DESCRIPTION and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY.

IMMUNOCAL® is a U.S. patented natural food protein isolate in the FDA category of GRAS (generally recognized as safe) which assists the body in maintaining optimal concentrations of glutathione (GSH) by supplying the precursors required for intracellular glutathione synthesis. It is clinically proven to raise glutathione values.

Glutathione is a tripeptide made intracellularly from its constituent amino acids L-glutamate, L-cysteine and glycine. The sulfhydryl (thiol) group (SH) of cysteine is responsible for the biological activity of glutathione. Provision of this amino acid is the rate-limiting factor in glutathione synthesis by the cells since bioavailable cysteine is relatively rare in foodstuffs.

Immunocal® is a bovine whey protein isolate specially prepared so as to provide a rich source of bioavailable cysteine. Immunocal® can thus be viewed as a cysteine delivery system.

The disulphide bond in cystine is pepsin and trypsin resistant but may be split by heat, low pH or mechanical stress releasing free cysteine. When subject to heat or shearing forces (inherent in most extraction processes), the fragile disulfide bonds within the peptides are broken and the bioavailablility of cysteine is greatly diminished.

Glutathione is a tightly regulated intracellular constituent and is limited in its production by negative feedback inhibition of its own synthesis through the enzyme gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, thus greatly minimizing any possibility of overdosage.

Glutathione has multiple functions:

1. It is the major endogenous antioxidant produced by the cells, participating directly in the neutralization of free radicals and reactive oxygen compounds, as well as maintaining exogenous antioxidants such as vitamins C and E in their reduced (active) forms.
2. Through direct conjugation, it detoxifies many xenobiotics (foreign compounds) and carcinogens, both organic and inorganic.
3. It is essential for the immune system to exert its full potential, e.g. (1) modulating antigen presentation to lymphocytes, thereby influencing cytokine production and type of response (cellular or humoral) that develops, (2) enhancing proliferation of lymphocytes thereby increasing magnitude of response, (3) enhancing killing activity of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells, and (4) regulating apoptosis, thereby maintaining control of the immune response.
4. It plays a fundamental role in numerous metabolic and biochemical reactions such as DNA synthesis and repair, protein synthesis, prostaglandin synthesis, amino acid transport and enzyme activation. Thus, most systems in the body can be affected by the state of the glutathione system, especially the immune system, the nervous system, the gastrointestinal system and the lungs.

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

IMMUNOCAL® is a natural food supplement and as such is limited from stating medical claims per se. Statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. As such, this product is thus not intended to diagnose, cure, prevent or treat any disease.

Glutathione augmentation is a strategy developed to address states of glutathione deficiency, high oxidative stress, immune deficiency, and xenobiotic overload in which glutathione plays a part in the detoxification of the xenobiotic in question. Glutathione deficiency states include, but are not limited to: HIV/AIDS, infectious hepatitis, certain types of cancers, cataracts, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinsons, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, radiation, poisoning by acetominophen and related agents, malnutritive states, arduous physical stress, aging, and has been associated with sub-optimal immune response. Many clinical pathologies are associated with oxidative stress and are elaborated upon in numerous medical references.

Low glutathione is also strongly implicated in wasting and negative nitrogen balance, notably as seen in cancer, AIDS, sepsis, trauma, burns and even athletic overtraining. Cysteine supplementation can oppose this process and in AIDS, for example, result in improved survival rates.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

IMMUNOCAL® is contraindicated in individuals who develop or have known hypersensitivity to specific milk proteins.

PRECAUTIONS

Each sachet of IMMUNOCAL® contains nine grams of protein. Patients on a protein-restricted diet need to take this into account when calculating their daily protein load. Although a bovine milk derivative, IMMUNOCAL® contains less than 1% lactose and therefore is generally well tolerated by lactose-intolerant individuals.

WARNINGS

Patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy should discuss the use of this product with their health professional. Individuals with the autosomal-recessive metabolic disorder cystinuria, are at higher risk of developing cysteine nephrolithiasis (1–2% of renal calculi).

ADVERSE REACTIONS

Gastrointestinal bloating and cramps if not sufficiently rehydrated. Transient urticarial-like rash in rare individuals undergoing severe detoxification reaction. Rash abates when product intake stopped or reduced.

OVERDOSAGE

Overdosing on IMMUNOCAL® has not been reported.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

For mild to moderate health challenges, 20 grams per day is recommended. Clinical trials in patients with AIDS, COPD, cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome have used 30–40 grams per day without ill effect. IMMUNOCAL® is best administered on an empty stomach or with a light meal. Concomitant intake of another high protein load may adversely affect absorption.

RECONSTITUTION

IMMUNOCAL® is a dehydrated powdered protein isolate. It must be appropriately rehydrated before use. Ideally consumed after mixing. If it is premixed for later consumption, it should be refrigerated and consumed shortly after mixing. DO NOT heat or use a hot liquid to rehydrate the product. DO NOT use a high-speed blender for reconstitution. These methods will decrease the activity of the product.

Proper mixing is imperative. Consult instructions included in packaging.

HOW SUPPLIED

10 grams of bovine milk protein isolate powder per sachet.

30 sachets per box.

STORAGE

Store in a cool dry environment. Refrigeration is not necessary.

Patent no.'s: 5,230,902 - 5,290,571 - 5,456,924 - 5,451,412 - 5,888,552

REFERENCES

1. Baruchel S, Viau G, Olivier R. et al. Nutraceutical modulation of glutathione with a humanized native milk serum protein isolate, Immunocal®: application in AIDS and cancer. In: Oxidative Stress in Cancer, AIDS and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Ed.; Montagnier L, Olivier R, Pasquier C. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York, 447–461, 1998
2. Bounous G, Kongshavn P. Influence of protein type in nutritionally adequate diets on the development of immunity. InAbsorption and Utilization of Amino Acids Vol.II. Ed. M. Friedman. CRC Press, Inc., Fla. 2:219–32, 1989
3. Bounous G, Gold P. The biological activity of undenatured whey proteins: role of glutathione. Clin Invest Med 14:296–309, 1991
4. Bounous G, Baruchel S, Falutz J. Gold P. Whey proteins as a food supplement in HIV-seropositive individuals. Clin Invest Med. 16:3; 204–209, 1992
5. Bounous G. Whey protein concentrate (WPC) and glutathione modulation in cancer treatment. Anticancer Res. 20:4785–4792, 2000
6. Bounous G. Immunoenhancing properties of undenatured milk serum protein isolate in HIV patients. Int. Dairy Fed: Whey: 293–305, 1998
7. Bray T, Taylor C. Enhancement of tissue glutathione for antioxidant and immune functions in malnutrition. Biochem. Pharmacol. 47:2113–2123, 1994.
8. Droge W, Holm E. Role of cysteine and glutathione in HIV infection and other diseases associated with muscle wasting and immunological dysfunction. FASEB J: 11(13):1077–1089, 1997
9. Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci 94:1967–72, 1997
10. Kennedy R, Konok G, Bounous G et al.. The use of a whey protein concentrate in the treatment of patients with metastatic carcinoma: A phase 1-II clinical study. Anticancer Res. 15:2643–50, 1995
11. Lands LC, Grey VL, Smountas AA. Effect of supplementation with a cysteine donor on muscular performance. J. Appl. Physiol. 87:1381–1385, 1999
12. Locigno R, Castronovo V. Reduced glutathione System: Role in cancer development, prevention and treatment. International Journal of Oncology 19:221–236, 2001
13. Lomaestro B, Malone M. Glutathione in health and disease: pharmacotherapeutic issues. Ann Pharmacother 29: 1263–73, 1995
14. Lothian B, Grey V, Kimoff RJ, Lands. Treatment of obstructive airway disease with a cysteine donor protein supplement: a case report. Chest 117:914–916, 2000
15. Meister A. Glutathione. Ann Rev Biochem 52:711–60, 1983
16. Peterson JD, Herzenberg LA, Vasquez KK, Waltenbaugh C. Glutathione levels in antigen-presenting cells modulate Th1 versus Th2 response patterns. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95:3071–3076, 1998
17. Tozer RG, Tai P, Falconer W, Ducruet T, Karabadjian A, Bounous G, Molson J, Dröge W. Cysteine-rich protein reverses weight loss in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Antioxidants & redox signalling. 10: 395–402, 2008.
18. Watanabe A, Higachi K, Yasumura S. et al. Nutritional modulation of glutathione level and cellular immunity in chronic hepatitis B and C. Hepatology. 24:597A, 1996
19. Witschi A, Reddy S, Stofer B, Lauterberg B. The systemic availability of oral glutathione. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 43:667–669, 1992.
    Manufactured by Immunotec Inc.     Tel: 450-424-9992 Ext. 4453
    
    
    

   Documentos para descargar. Articulos de Investigacion sobre Immunocal:

 Articulo 1 – La competencia por el glutation…

 Articulo 2 – El uso de Immunocal en el tratamiento de pacientes con carcinoma metastasico…
 Articulo 3 – El uso de Immunocal como suplemento alimenticio en individuos con VIH seropositivos…
 Articulo 4 – La actividad biologica de proteinas desnaturalizadas de suero de leche: el rol del glutation.
 Articulo 5 – Immunocal en la prevencion del Cancer.

 Articulo 6 – Immunocal inhibe el desarrollo de dimetilhidracina inducida por un tumor maligno.

 Articulo 7 – La influencia de la dieta de proteina de suero en los tejidos: el glutation y la enfermedad del envejecimiento.
 Articulo 8 – Papel de la glutation en la inmuno-caracteristica de una dieta de proteina de suero en ratones
 Articulo 9 – La propiedad inmunopotenciadora de proteina de suero concentrado de la dieta
 Articulo 10 – Proteinas de la dieta del suero inhibe el desarrollo de malignidad dimetilhidracina inducida
 Articulo 11 – Mecanismo de alteracion de la respuesta de celulas B inducida por los cambios en el tipo de proteinas de la dieta en ratones.

 Articulo 12 – Efecto diferencial de tipo de proteinas de la dieta en el de celulas B y celulas T respuesta inmune en ratones.
 Articulo 13 – Influencia del tipo de proteinas de la dieta sobre el sistema inmunologico de los ratones
 Articulo 14 – Los cambios en la secrecion biliar inmunoglobulinas A en ratones alimentados con proteina de suero Immunocal
 Articulo 15 – Lugar para una terapia antioxidante en el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)
 Articulo 16 – Influencia de las proteinas de la dieta sobre el sistema inmunologico de los ratones.

 Articulo 17 – Influencia de hidrolizado de lactoalbumina sobre el sistema inmunologico de los ratones y su resistencia a la salmonelosis
 Articulo 18 – Efecto de la suplementacion con un donante de cisteina en el rendimiento muscular.
 Articulo 19 – Tratamiento de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva con Immunocal.
 Articulo 20 – Tratamiento de la Hepatitis Cronica con Immunocal.
 Articulo 21 – Concentrado de proteina de suero (WPC) y la modulacion de glutation en el tratamiento del Cancer

 Articulo 22 – Efecto potenciador de la proteina del suero patentado aislado (Immunocal) sobre la citotoxicidad de un farmaco contra el Cancer

 Articulo 23 – Modulacion nutraceutica de glutation con un proteina nativa suero de leche aislado, Immunocal: aplicacion en el SIDA y el cancer

 Articulo 24 – El sistema antioxidante

 Articulo 25 – Immunocal disminuye la produccion de radicales libres de oxigeno en un modelo murino de sobrecarga cronica de hierro

 Articulo 26 – Patogenesis molecular y la prevencion del cancer de prostata

 Articulo 27 – Mejora el estado de glutation en pacientes adultos jovenes con fibrosis quistica suplementado con Immunocal.

  Historic Firsts in Whey Protein, Glutathione, and the Immune System.

SCIENCE IS A BIT LIKE SPORTS: THE CREDIT GOES TO THE ONES WHO WERE FIRST.

(To view the publications, go to www.pubmed.com, search for "pubmed" and enter the 7 digit numbers given below.

1981/1988: Gustavo Bounous and colleagues were the first to discover the effect of a whey protein on the immune system.

J. Infect Dis. 1981 Sept;144:281. Pubmed PMID:7024433
Influence of dietary lactalbumin hydrolysate on the immune system of mice and resistance to salmonellosis.
Bounous G, Stevenson MM, Kongshavn PA.

Clin Invest Med. 1988 Aug;11:271-8. Pubmed PMID:3168349
The immunoenhancing property of dietary whey protein concentrate.
Bounous G, Kongshavn PA, Gold P.
“The plaque-forming cell response to sheep red blood cells was found to be enhanced in mice fed a formula diet containing 20g lactalbumin/100 g diet”. (The humoral immune response eliminates bacteria in the body).

1986: Wulf Dröge and colleagues were the first to discover the effect of glutathione on the immune system in a living organism.

Immunobiology. 1986 Aug;172:151-6. Pubmed PMID:3490430
Glutathione augments the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vivo.
Dröge W, Pottmeyer-Gerber C, Schmidt H, Nick S.
“The activation of T lymphocytes in vivo was found to be augmented by glutathione”. (Cytotoxic T cells eliminate virus-infected cells in the body, and T cells help B cells to produce a humoral immune response).

1989: Wulf Dröge and colleagues were the first to discover that HIV-infected patients have abnormally low cysteine and glutathione levels.

Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1989 Feb;370:101-8. Pubmed PMID: 2784973
Low concentrations of acid-soluble thiol (cysteine) in the blood plasma of HIV-1 infected patients.
Eck HP, Gmünder H, Hartmann M, Petzoldt D, Daniel V, Dröge W.
“Blood plasma from HIV-1-infected persons contains decreased cysteine concentrations. The intracellular glutathione concentration in peripheral blood-mononuclear cells (PBMC) and monocytes from HIV positive persons are also significantly decreased”.

1989: Gustavo Bounous and colleagues were the first to discover that glutathione plays a role in the effect of whey protein on the immune system.

Clin Invest Med. 1989 June;12:154-61. Pubmed PMID:2743633
Immunoenhancing property of dietary whey protein in mice: role of glutathione.
Bounous G, Batist G, Gold P.
“Enhancement of host humoral immune response is associated with sustained production of splenic glutathione in whey protein fed mice”.

1998: Wulf Dröge and colleagues were the first to discover the age-related decrease in the plasma concentration of cysteine, the limiting precursor of glutathione.

Blood. 1998 July; 92:59-67. Pubmed PMID: 9639500
The Redox State as a Correlate of Senescence and Wasting and as a Target for Therapeutic Intervention
Hack V, Breitkreutz R, Kinscherf R, Rörer H, Bartsch P, Taut F, Benner A and Dröge W.
“Our study showed a decrease in the plasma thiol level indicative of an age-dependent shift to a more oxidized condition”.

2008: Gustavo Bounous & Wulf Dröge and colleagues were the first to show in a placebo controlled clinical trial the health benefits of an undenatured whey protein isolate in cancer patients.

Antiox. & Redox Signaling. 2008. Feb;10:395-402. PMID:18158761.
Cysteine-Rich Protein Reverses Weight Loss in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy
Tozer RG, Tai P, Falconer W, Ducruet T, Karabadjian A, Bounous G, Molson JH, Dröge W.
“The patients treated with the cysteine-rich protein had a mean increase of 2.5% body weight, whereas casein-treated patients lost 2.6%”.

Discovery of the health benefits of Immunocal

At the beginning of the 70’s, under the direction of Dr. Gustavo Bounous, MD, (FRCSC), a team of researchers from the Faculty of Medicine at McGill University (Canada), was studying proteins of animal and vegetable origins in order to feed the patients with an elemental diet that would allow them to reduce their stay in hospital. Since 1978, their studies had been focusing on whey proteins. This work led to the surprising discovery that a specific undenatured whey protein concentrate helped to sustain optimal glutathione levels, high immunological reactivity and anticarcinogenic activity. Subsequent identification of the active ingredients present in this protein mixture led in 1993 to the production of a high-quality bioactive protein that was given the name Immunocal.

This research was supported by the Medical Research Council of Canada and the National Institutes of Health in the United States. The observed effects of Immunocal which have been discovered at McGill University have been validated by numerous independent research centers worldwide, notable in Germany, Japan, Australia, France, United States and in Nova Scotia (Canada).

Health benefits from regular consumption of Immunocal

Immunocal contains several different proteins with special structural and functional properties which collectively provide a combination of important health benefits.

The name Immunocal refers to its effect on immune functions. The claim stating that Immunocal is effective in maintaining a strong immune system has been officially approved by Health Canada. Most people know that modern medicine is still relatively helpless in the face of viral epidemics such as HIV, SARS or the flu virus. In the time of globalization and increasing international travel activities it is only a question of time that a new epidemic will spread around the globe and eventually reach North America. Moreover, irrespective of these global threats, each of us is confronted with a constant barrage of colds and flus. The decisive question is whether the first encountered viruses will be eliminated by our immune system or stay and manifest themselves as a disease. This decisively depends on the strength of our immune system regardless of whether this moment is any time soon or in the more distant future. Someone who is taking Immunocal every day is best prepared for this moment.

The effect of Immunocal on the immune system is mainly mediated by its high cysteine content. Cysteine is the limiting precursor for glutathione, which plays a key role in the function of the immune system. Most notably it plays a critical role in the proliferation of lymphocytes, i.e. the cells that mediate specific immune responses. Cysteine and glutathione concentrations show a strong and progressive age-related decline which starts at the age of 30. Older people are therefore more likely to feel the benefits of taking Immunocal. Healthy young adults have usually adequate levels of cysteine and glutathione for most of the time but occasionally experience episodes of low glutathione levels. These episodes are possibly caused by unnoticed, symptomless viral infection and render even these otherwise strong persons vulnerable towards subsequent infections as their low glutathione level compromises the immune system. Healthy young adults thus typically realize the benefits of taking Immunocal only after longer periods of time.

By supporting glutathione biosynthesis Immunocal enhances also the detoxifying function in the body. Without noticing it we are constantly exposed to environmental toxins such as heavy metals in low quality foods, in the increasingly polluted air which we breathe or in the water that we drink. The body is therefore constantly engaged in the important task of eliminating such toxins. One of the most important detoxifying mechanisms involves glutathione which binds to certain toxins and forms a water-soluble complex that is ultimately excreted in the urine or bile as waste. In extreme cases such as in the case of poisoning by excessive doses of certain medicals drugs this process severely depletes the glutathione levels in the liver and can lead to life-threatening conditions. These patients are typically treated and rescued by a glutathione-promoting drug to replenish the glutathione pool and to detoxify the victim.

Glutathione is best known for its antioxidant function which indirectly is also enhanced by Immunocal. At all times living organisms are internally generating oxygen radicals and hydrogen peroxide, both of which cause massive oxidative tissue damage and other forms of oxidative stress unless neutralized by glutathione. By scavenging oxygen radicals and hydrogen peroxide, glutathione normally controls the oxidative stress and protects the structural constituents of the cells against the damaging effects of these molecules. Without glutathione the cells would rapidly be destroyed. Other antioxidants, such as vitamin A, vitamin C or vitamin E have also a protecting function but glutathione is by far the most abundant antioxidant in cells and tissues. Insufficient amounts of glutathione can therefore not be compensated by these antioxidant vitamins.

The age-related decrease in glutathione plays, therefore, an important role in aging and oxidative stress-related disease conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and obesity. Several independent studies in animals have shown that cysteine supplementation causes a decrease in protein oxidation and reverses the age-related decline in various biochemical functions. As the cognitive decline is one of the most devastating consequences of aging, it was particularly interesting to see that cysteine supplementation reduces the rate of oxidative structural damage in the brain and ameliorates the decline of memory functions in animals.

Glutathione is clearly the most important antioxidant in the body and has been the object of intense research during the last 30 years. Presently, more than 80,000 scientific articles on glutathione are listed on Pub Med (www.pubmed.gov) and this number is increased by approximately 3-5,000 new articles every year. Glutathione consists of the three amino acids, glutamate, cysteine and glycine and is synthesized from these precursors within the cells and tissues. The production of glutathione is typically limited by the availability of cysteine. The sulfidryl (thiol) group of cysteine serves as an electron donor and is responsible for the biological activity of glutathione. However, taking supplements of the free amino acid cysteine is not advisable because cysteine is oxidized on the shelf and in the digestive tract. In order to raise the cellular glutathione level, it is far better to use a supplement with “stabilized” cysteine residues such as Immunocal.

The effect on muscle functions is another important health benefit from regular consumption of Immunocal. Due to its special composition and structural properties, Immunocal can help to ameliorate the loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle function which is one of the hallmarks of aging. This process is called sarcopenia which starts in the fourth decade of life and accelerates as we age. As the loss of muscle mass is associated with the loss of muscle function, it increases the risk of falls and fractures, compromises the ability to visit friends or to maintain other social functions, and ultimately contributes to the loss of quality of life in old age. As skeletal muscle tissues represent about half of the protein mass in the human body, the loss of muscle mass means above all a net loss of protein. Physical exercise, notably resistance training, is the best investigated method shown to increase muscle mass and muscle function even in elderly persons. This effect of physical exercise can be strongly enhanced by Immunocal. The undenatured cysteine- and leucine-rich whey protein was found to be more effective than casein or soy protein, and is therefore the ideal dietary protein source to support the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and muscle function. Immunocal consists of a combination of several proteins which are rapidly digested and therefore lead to a rapid increase of its constituent amino acids in the blood plasma with a peak at about two hours after protein consumption. The most important amino acids for the enhancement of muscle functions in the elderly are leucine and cysteine which are contained in Immunocal in relatively high amounts. Ideally, Immunocal should therefore be consumed immediately after physical exercise because the maximum availability of the amino acids in the blood coincides in this case with the time window of maximum exercise induced skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Ideally, a person of 80 kg body weight should consume about 10g-30g Immunocal after exercise. An additional small amount of Immunocal (e.g. 10g) may be consumed in the morning to account for the relatively low plasma cysteine and intracellular glutathione levels at the end of the night. The rest of the daily protein intake may be distributed over the day.

Most of the clinical studies and complementary animal studies on the effects of cysteine supplementation on oxidative stress, muscle functions, and immunological functions have been performed with another cysteine derivative, N-acetylcysteine, because this agent allows the investigator to identify cysteine as the causative agent. However, if an amount of 10-30g leucine- and cysteine-rich Immunocal per 80 kg body weight per day is regularly used to improve muscle protein synthesis and muscle function, this is also sufficient to meet the increased need for cysteine to ameliorate the age-related oxidative stress and to maintain a strong immune system. Any additional consumption of N-acetylcysteine or Alpha-lipoic acid as complementary supplements may not only be unnecessary, but also disadvantageous. N-acetylcysteine, for example, can cause certain adverse effects. Moreover, oral consumption of N-acetylcysteine typically leads to a relatively high temporary increase in cysteine/N-acetylcysteine concentrations in the blood, a large proportion of which is converted within the oxidative environment of the blood into the corresponding disulfide which is essentially useless for cells and tissues, and a substantial proportion is simply catabolized and converted into metabolic acids. Alpha-lipoic acid has the unique property of travelling through lipid membranes and is therefore capable of shuttling oxidative and reducing equivalents across membranes. It is contained in moderate amounts in most cells and tissues and plays an important physiological role in this context. If present at relatively higher concentrations, it shuttles oxidative equivalents from the oxidative environment of the blood into the cells and tissues and thereby effectively acts as an oxidant for cells rather than an antioxidant.

Taken together, Immunocal helps the body to defend itself against several common health hazards which are becoming increasingly important as one gets older. Immunocal does this by strengthening four key functions which may be easily remembered by the four letters:

A – FOR ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE

I – FOR IMMUNE FUNCTIONS

D – FOR DETOXIFICATION

Plus

M – FOR MUSCLE FUNCTION

Important New Research using Immunocal® Shows Promise in Lou Gehrig’s Disease by Erika Ross, Heather Wilkins, Whitney Hulick, Aimee Winter, Danielle Kirchhof, and Daniel Linseman A non-denatured whey protein supplement (Immunocal®) protects neurons from mitochondrial oxidative stress and delays disease onset in the mutant SOD1 mouse model of ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neuromuscular disease caused by the death of spinal and cortical motor neurons and retraction of motor axons from the neuromuscular junctions. Mitochondrial oxidative stress (MOS) appears to be a major factor contributing to motor neuron death in ALS and therefore, novel agents targeting MOS could provide effective therapies for this debilitating disease. We have investigated a unique, non-denatured whey protein supplement (Immunocal®) that contains high concentrations of cystine, a precursor for the synthesis of glutathione (GSH). Click here to read the complete article (poster)

Raising Glutathione Using Cysteine In Search of the Best Strategy for Cysteine Supplementation by Dr. Wulf Dröge, Ph.D, Senior Vice-President, Research & Development Enhancement of glutathione levels through cysteine supplementation has proven and important health benefits. But consumers have questions about the best available source of cysteine. Immunotec provides the answer. A series of clinical studies and complementary laboratory experiments has shown that aging is associated with a progressive decrease in plasma cysteine and intracellular glutathione concentrations. This decrease leads to (and can be viewed as a manifestation of) age-related oxidative stress. Cysteine and glutathione concentrations are particularly low during the night and early morning hours, i.e. during periods of starvation. Click here to read the complete article

Changing the Aging Paradigm by Dr. Wulf Dröge, Ph.D, Senior Vice-President, Research & Development Most people consider the process of aging and death as an integral part of their life, but two key scientific findings have changed our concept of aging dramatically... Most people consider the process of aging and death as an integral part of their life, but two key scientific findings have changed our concept of aging dramatically... The first important finding dates back to 1954 when “free radicals”, i.e. a highly aggressive type of small chemical molecules, were first discovered in living tissues. In view of the chemically aggressive nature of free radicals, Dr. Denham Harman proposed in 1954 that aging may be — at least to a large extent — the consequence of free-radical-inflicted tissue damage. Click here to read the complete article

Glutathione in Health and Disease by Patricia Kongshavn, MSc, Ph.D. Glutathione (g-glutamylcysteinylglycine, GSH) is a water-soluble tripeptide composed of the amino acids glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. Present in all mammalian cells, it is widely distributed throughout the animal and plant kingdoms, underscoring its fundamental biological significance. GSH is an endogenous antioxidant of great importance, as well as being a detoxicant of exogenous and endogenous toxic compounds. In addition, it plays a vital role in.... Click here to read the complete article

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7. MEDICINA NUTRACEUTICA IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
8. MEDICINA ENERGETICA IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
9. MEDICINA HERBOLARIA IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
10. BLENDED MEDICINE IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
11. DOCTOR MD PHD MEDICO IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
12. REMEDIOS CON IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
13. EMPRESA CANADIENSE GUSTAVO BOUNOUS CANADA FDA PDR CPS MEDICARE
14. CARDIOLOGO IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
15. ONCOLOGO IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
16. NUTRIOLOGO IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
17. PEDIATRA IMMUNOCAL DE IMMUNOTEC
18. Especialidades medicas en hermosillo sonora mexico.
19. Alergia e inmunología clínica
20. Alergia e inmunología clínica pediátrica
21. Anatomía patológica
22. Anestesiología
23. Anestesiología pediátrica
24. Angiología y cirugía vascular
25. Audiología
26. otoneurología y foniatría
27. Biología de la reproducción humana
28. Cardiología
29. Cardiología pediátrica
30. Cirugía cardiotorácica
31. Cirugía cardiotorácica pediátrica
32. Cirugía general
33. Cirugía oncológica
34. Cirugía pediátrica
35. Cirugía plástica y reconstructiva
36. Coloproctología
37. Dermatología
38. Dermatología pediátrica
39. Dermatopatología
40. Endocrinología
41. Endocrinología pediátrica
42. Epidemiología
43. Gastroenterología
44. Gastroenterología y nutrición pediátrica
45. Genética médica
46. Geriatría
47. Ginecología oncológica
48. Ginecología y obstetricia
49. Hematología
50. Hematología pediátrica
51. Imagenología diagnóstica y terapéutica
52. Infectología
53. Medicina de la actividad física y deportiva
54. Medicina de rehabilitación
55. Medicina de urgencias
56. Medicina del enfermo en estado crítico
57. Medicina del enfermo pediátrico en estado crítico
58. Medicina del trabajo y ambiental
59. Medicina familiar
60. Medicina interna
61. Medicina legal
62. Medicina maternofetal
63. Medicina nuclear
64. Nefrología
65. Nefrología pediátrica
66. Neonatología
67. Neumología
68. Neumología pediátrica
69. Neuroanestesiología
70. Neurocirugía
71. Neurocirugía pediátrica
72. Neurofisiología clínica
73. Neurología
74. Neurología pediátrica
75. Neurootología
76. Neuropatología
77. Neurorradiología
78. Nutriología clínica
79. Oftalmología
80. Oftalmología neurológica
81. Oncología médica
82. Oncología pediátrica
83. Ortopedia
84. Otorrinolaringología pediátrica
85. Otorrinolaringología y cirugía de cabeza y cuello
86. Patología clínica
87. Patología pediátrica
88. Pediatría
89. Psiquiatría
90. Psiquiatría infantil y de la adolescencia
91. Radiooncología
92. Reumatología
93. Reumatología pediátrica
94. Terapia endovascular neurológica
95. Urgencias pediátricas
96. Urología
97. Urología ginecológica.
98. grupos de edad (pediatría, geriatría)
99. aparatos o sistemas del cuerpo humano (neumología, cirugía vascular)
100. órganos (oftalmología, otorrinolaringología)
101. técnicas diagnósticas (radiología, microbiología)
102. técnicas terapéuticas y rehabilitadoras (farmacología, cirugía, ortopedia y traumatología, rehabilitación, hidrología)
103. enfermedades concretas (infectología, alergología, psiquiatría)
104. actividades humanas (medicina del trabajo, medicina del deporte, medicina legal, medicina preventiva)
105. La especialidad que abarca todos los anteriores apartados desde un visión integral del paciente es la medicina familiar y comunitaria.
106. Según su agrupación tradicional
107. Tradicionalmente se dividen en clínicas, quirúrgicas, y de laboratorio. Aunque con los continuos avances de la medicina, esos límites no son muy precisos.
108. Especialidades clínicas
109. Las especialidades médicas se corresponden con la figura tradicional de "médico": asisten personalmente al paciente con actividades preventivas, diagnósticas y terápéuticas, generalmente sin utilizar técnicas quirúrgicas.
110. Alergología
111. Anestesiología y Reanimación
112. Aparato Digestivo o Gastroenterología
113. Cardiología
114. Endocrinología y Nutrición
115. Geriatría
116. Hematología y Hemoterapia
117. Hidrología Médica
118. Infectología
119. Medicina del Deporte
120. Medicina del Trabajo
121. Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria
122. Medicina Intensiva
123. Medicina Interna
124. Medicina Legal y Forense
125. Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública
126. Nefrología
127. Neumología
128. Neurología
129. Oncología Médica
130. Oncología Radioterápica
131. Pediatría
132. Psiquiatría
133. Rehabilitación
134. Reumatología
135. [editar]Especialidades quirúrgicas
136. Las especialidades quirúrgicas se corresponden con la figura de cirujano, y utilizan medios invasivos para tratar, modificar o extirpar físicamente la estructura patológica. Se dividen por sistemas.
137. Cirugía Cardiovascular
138. Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo
139. Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial
140. Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología
141. Cirugía Pediátrica
142. Cirugía Plástica, Estética y Reparadora
143. Cirugía Torácica
144. Neurocirugía
145. [editar]Especialidades médico-quirúrgicas
146. Son las que habitualmente usan tanto técnicas invasivas (quirúrgicas) como no invasivas (farmacológicas, etc).
147. Angiología y Cirugía Vascular
148. Dermatología Médico-Quirúrgica y Venereología
149. Estomatología
150. Ginecología y Obstetricia o Tocología
151. Oftalmología
152. Otorrinolaringología
153. Urología
154. [editar]Especialidades de laboratorio
155. De apoyo a los demás médicos, realizan diagnósticos y sugieren tratamientos a los clínicos, por lo que en ellas la relación con el paciente es reducida.
156. Análisis Clínicos
157. Anatomía Patológica
158. Bioquímica Clínica
159. Farmacología Clínica
160. Inmunología
161. Medicina Nuclear
162. Microbiología y Parasitología
163. Neurofisiología Clínica
164. Radiodiagnóstico o Radiología
165. Alergologo 
166. inmunologo
167. alergologo
168. patologo
169. anestesiologo
170. pediatra
171. angiologo
172. audiologo
173. otoneurologo
174. foniatrologo
175. biologo
176. quimico
177. Cardiologo
178. cirujano
179. oncologo
180. cirujano plastico
181. Coloproctologo
182. Dermatologo
183. Dermatopatologo
184. Endocrinologo
185. Epidemiologo
186. Gastroenterologo
187. nutriologo
188. Gastroenterologo
189. Ginecologo
190. Ginecologo
191. obstetra
192. gineco obstetra 
193. ginecobstetra
194. Hematologo
195. Imagenologo 
196. diagnóstico
197. terapéuta
198. Infectologo
199. Nefrologo
200. Neonatologo
201. Neumologo
202. Neuroanestesiologo
203. Neurofisiologo
204. Neurologo
205. Neurootologo
206. Neuropatologo
207. Neurorradiologo
208. Nutriologo clinico
209. Oftalmologo
210. Oftalmologo neurológo
211. osteopata
212. Otorrinolaringologo
213. Patologo
214. Psiquiatra
215. Radiooncologo
216. Reumatologo
217. Urologo